bahagian tindakan = 行动段。需要听众记住的安全步骤应以清楚发音和适中速度表达，并按事件顺序排列。例子：先说使用紧急通话装置，再说明等待工作人员和不要强行开门；按钮颜色与其他建筑名称不影响行动。

bahagian tindakan = the action section. Safety steps listeners need to remember should be spoken clearly at a controlled pace and in event order. Example: state the use of the emergency intercom, waiting for staff and not forcing the doors; button colours and unrelated building names do not guide the response.

ciri karya = 文体特征。gurindam 以相互关联的诗行表达道理，cerpen 则通过人物、背景与事件发展信息。例子：条件句与劝告句组成格言诗，而司机检查应急包的经历属于短篇故事。比较结构，不要只看主题是否相同。

ciri karya = features of a literary form. A gurindam uses linked lines to express advice, while a cerpen develops meaning through characters, setting and events. Example: a condition-and-advice couplet forms a gurindam, whereas a driver's experience with an emergency kit forms a short story. Compare structure rather than merely the shared topic.

pembetulan ejaan = 拼写修正。kemas kini 分开书写，加入 meng- 后仍写作 mengemas kini。例子：Pihak sekolah mengemas kini maklumat。连写和加连字符都不符合本题所练习的形式；修改后再读一次完整句子。

pembetulan ejaan = spelling correction. Kemas kini is written separately, and the prefixed form remains mengemas kini. Example: Pihak sekolah mengemas kini maklumat. Joining the words or inserting a hyphen does not match the form practised here; read the corrected sentence again as a whole.

dialog langsung = 直接引语。叙述动词后使用逗号，引语用引号包围并以大写开头，完整句的句号放在引号内。例子：Guru berkata, “Tunggu di sini.” 结构与本题相同。分号和不当小写会破坏句子。

dialog langsung = direct speech. Place a comma after the reporting verb, enclose the spoken words in quotation marks, begin with a capital letter and keep the final stop inside. Example: Guru berkata, “Tunggu di sini.” follows the same pattern. A misplaced semicolon or lower-case opening breaks the sentence.

awalan ter- = 前缀 ter-。terpilih 可拆成 ter- 与 pilih，附加部分位于词根之前；laporkan 和 awasi 的附加部分则在词根后面。例子：terbuka 也由 ter- 加 buka 形成。先划出词根，再观察词缀位置。

awalan ter- = the prefix ter-. Terpilih separates into ter- and pilih, with the added element before the root; laporkan and awasi carry additions after their roots. Example: terbuka is also formed from ter- plus buka. Mark the root first, then inspect where the affix appears.

kata berakhiran -kan = 带后缀 -kan 的词。maklumkan 由词根 maklum 加 -kan 构成；berjalan 和 terpilih 的附加成分在前方。例子：laporkan keadaan 中 laporkan 也带后缀 -kan。判断重点是位置，不是句子长短；先圈出词根，再查看新增部分是否出现在词根末尾。

kata berakhiran -kan = a word with the suffix -kan. Maklumkan is formed from maklum plus -kan; berjalan and terpilih have added elements before their roots. Example: laporkan also carries -kan in laporkan keadaan. The deciding feature is affix position, not sentence length.

gabungan tatabahasa = 综合语法。ialah 位于名词短语前，mesti 表达义务，sangat 可在形容词 jelas 前加强程度。例子：Alat itu ialah kit kecemasan; pengguna mesti peka; arahan sangat jelas。逐个检查系词、助词和程度副词，避免把两种不相容形式堆叠；把三个小结构分别验证后，再检查整句是否自然。

gabungan tatabahasa = integrated grammar. Ialah precedes a noun phrase, mesti expresses necessity, and sangat can strengthen the adjective jelas from the front. Example: Alat itu ialah kit kecemasan; pengguna mesti peka; arahan sangat jelas. Check the copular word, auxiliary and intensifier separately instead of stacking incompatible forms.

tindakan di lokasi kemalangan = 事故地点的行动。远离车辆和救援范围，通知成年人，并保持紧急通道畅通；不拍摄或传播受害者影像。例子：候车站附近发生事故时退到安全区域，请成年人联络适当人员，并依照工作人员指示。

tindakan di lokasi kemalangan = action at a crash location. Move away from vehicles and responder space, alert an adult and keep emergency access clear; do not record or share images of victims. Example: after a crash near a bus stop, return to a safe area, have an adult contact suitable help and follow responder instructions.